Johnny Appleseed looms large in American folklore - in part because it was such an eccentric, but mainly because only the dissemination of culture opens the apple orchards in the Midwest frontier from the Revolutionary War.
It 'was Jonathan Chapman, born in Boston in 1775, the son of a Revolutionary War soldier and gardener. It 'good that ensured in 1801 at the age of 26 years plied his trade in Licking County, Ohio.
After the disappointment in love, it wasMidwest vulnerable to the possibility of new border.
His plan was to penetrate into new, rich lands west of the Ohio River, of course, a piece of clay soil near a stream, plant apple seeds and brush surround the earth with the kind of private property.
Sometimes he came to remove his nurseries scattered weeds and its water. If farm families came to his trees would be ready for sale and transplant.
There were two comfortablyAdditions to the Northwest Territory.
One was from the Ohio River. The other was the Indian "Great Trail" west of the mouth of the Allegheny, Monongahela and Ohio Rivers (Pittsburgh) to de Detroit (Detroit).
Two other Indians so important - War Trail and Cuyahoga Killbuck Trail - Trail crossed the Great in Wooster, Ohio, to Wayne County Airport.
Frontier used these paths simultaneously with the Native Americans. Chapman followed them for hisBusiness enterprises.
In search of my book "old paths of the new acquisition" (Wayne County Historical Society, 1983), I was an original Johnny Appleseed was to find the orchard site. A couple of old - fourth or fifth generation - still wild apple trees grew there.
The first consideration is that of contemporary Chapman Miss Rosella price, which, like a kid who knew him well. He later made a sketch of his college friend that was published in an early history of RichlandProvince:
Personal memories
During the year 1801 John Chapman came to Ohio with his brother. One or two years later by his father's, Marietta, Ohio, said Miss Price.
"Shortly after, Johnny is near Pittsburgh and started his nursery business.
"A pioneer of Jefferson County (Ohio) said he first saw him, Johnny wanted to go to the Ohio River in two canoes tied together with l806. They were loaded with apple seeds that hadobtained from cider presses in western Pennsylvania.
"Sometimes carrying a bag or two semi-old man on a horse. More often wore on his back, moving from one location at wilderness - clearing a small patch around it with a rough housing and plant seeds in it.
"He had little nurseries throughout Ohio, Pennsylvania and Indiana.
"I remember how Johnny looked at his strange combinations of clothes. It was a good, brave, noble man, hethought it was wrong to spend money on clothing, are worn only for the beautiful appearance.
"His pants were old and few and short - a sort of substitute for braces. He has never worn a coat in winter.
"His feet were gnarled and often naked and horny. Sometimes wore old shoes Someone gave him in exchange for some apple trees, but usually has the shoes to someone who had none.
"The chest of the shirt was pulled ever so looselyTo make a pocket or bag where he kept his books. "
"He has great virtues of drugs, fennel, which has been attributed to Pennsylvania. Her great desire to do good, and bless others convinced him to take a lot of seeds in his pocket. These are all his own way - especially near homes.
"Poor old man! Imposed on the agricultural population is a positive evil when it tries to do good."
A Hat Tin Pan
Another friendJohnny, who wrote a personal essay about him was, the Hon John H. James, of Urbana, Ohio:
"I saw in 1826 when he came into my office requesting an opinion on a nursery school in Champaign County, who had planted. The country now by someone who feared Johnny could not recognize his rights were acquired in the trees.
"I told him to go talk to the new owner, the particulars of his case, could not difficult. I asked her education, and if the trees weregrafts.
"He replied: 'No' to decide. He said it was the correct and natural way to increase fruit trees from seed.
'If the trees were ready for sale, who left office for him to sell at low price (typically a nickel). If people are too poor to buy three of them without paying. It was with little effort, because he was always welcome at the homes of settlers.
"Tin Pan-boat or any type was first suggested by him for a hat, which he uses in his kitchenPap. He withdrew, and cardboard covers the head, the larger circle on one side or the other, to protect her face from sunlight.
Indian Friends
"Despite his grotesque dress, Johnny was always treated with great respect from the border rougher. The Indians were not only friendly, but with a sort of superstitious feeling.
"She regarded him as a" great man of medicine "because of his fantastic dress, strange waywonderful eccentric behavior and the calm with which he endured the pain.
"He would push badges in his flesh, no tears or quiver.
"In his wanderings among the Indians, if during the War of 1812. - If the settlers were killed - often received information about their intentions so he was able to warn the settlers, so flying to places of protection .
Chapman revered of all living beings. He said his home comfortablewhen mosquitoes are around to possibly burned alive. While the colonists to help build a track car, was bitten repeatedly by wasps, but do not kill for fear that they swat.
On several occasions, she bought old, abused to keep the horses recovered. Then, she promised to new owners provide a friendly experience.
Religious beliefs
"Throughout his life," wrote Judge James, "Chapman explained his peculiar religious ideas. In addition toBible, he believed in the teachings and false teachings of Emanuel Swedenborg, whose basic idea was to communicate with the spiritual world.
(Note: Emanuel Swedenborg, 1688-1772, was a philosopher-scientist, that denounced the worldliness of the churches organized at that time exercised. He emphasized the personal kindness to one another, and love of God - as expressed by Jesus Christ.)
"According to welcome home a border," wrote Judge James, "Johnny would lie on the coarsepuncheon floor and, on request, let me know if his audience to "something new right fresh from heaven," he pounds his few rags.
"Among these would be a New Testament and parts Swedenborg. Want to read and interpret Johnny until the scene was intense excitement and confusion of being.
"In his zeal to circulate, opinion and the doctrines of Swedenborg, he opened his books to pieces - leaving a fragment in the cabin, one on another, and so on, as ifThe distribution of a series.
Early Christian
"Possessed of the conviction that his life was patterned after the early Christians, Chapman was a happy man quietly with a deposit of dry humor.
"An itinerant preacher knocking one day the air was whipped in the public square in Mansfield. In a speech boring, it took a bit 'of apostolic' in the sin of extravagance by divers in carnal indulgences and excesses Calico" tea shop ".
"The arrogantAir Pharisee asked the preacher, 'Where there is a man - go like the first Christians - in the sky barefoot and dressed in rough clothes? "
"The interrogation was repeated often, Johnny, leaning back against a tree trunk, took the question in its literal sense. He lifted his bare feet in the air - and shouted in support his coffee-sack dress -" Here's your primitive Christian! '"
Indiana
As Ohio filled withThe settlers, with apple trees in bloom, Johnny Appleseed moved to Indiana in 1838. For apple trees planted more than nine years and gave way to old clothes or a plate of simple food.
After a hot day in 1847 after 20 miles on foot, was welcomed into the home of a settler in Allen County.
He refused to eat with the family, but accepted some 'bread and milk, which has eaten a few steps and opinions on the setting sun.
Later in the evening, held its"Fresh news from heaven", reading the Beatitudes of the New Testament. As usual, slept on the floor.
In the early hours of the morning, was found unconscious. A doctor was called "Johnny was delivered shortly before the end. Soon the intrepid apple-growers - and benevolent friend of all - died peacefully.
Johnny Appleseed was 72 years - the last 46 years spent in terms of ease of dissemination of fruit trees and a wilderness.He were, is buried in Fort Wayne. A boulder marks the roughhis tomb. carved in stone, "he lived for others."
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